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BIOL337 Module 4 Worksheet (50 pts.)
Name:
Section 1: HWE and TAS2R38
1. Record the class genotype frequencies and calculate the observed allele frequencies
for the class data. 3pts
Homozygous
Taster (TT; p2)
2.
Frequency
of t (q)
Calculate the expected genotype frequencies and the expected number of students with
each genotype using the observed allele frequencies from above. 3pts
Homozygous taster
TT (p2)
Exp.
Exp. Num.
Frequency
Students
3.
Observed Data
Homozygous Non- Frequency
taster (tt; q2)
of T (p)
Heterozygous
Taster (Tt; 2pq)
Expected Data
Heterozygous taster
Tt (2pq
Exp.
Exp. Num.
Frequency
Students
Homozygous nontaster
tt (q2)
Exp.
Exp. Num.
Frequency
Students
Perform a chi-squared test to determine with 95% certainty whether our TAS2R38
data are in HWE and explain your results in the space below. 5pts
Note: Although we typically consider the degrees of freedom to be the number of categories minus one,
in this case the three categories are derived from only two terms, p and q, so for this test use df=1.
Think of it this way, if we know p then we can calculate q and p2 and 2pq and q2, so there is only one
variable free to vary (p in this example) and therefore only one degree of freedom.
(Obs.-Exp.)2
Exp.
Genotype
Obs. Exp.
TT
Tt
tt
Totals
2 =
4.
If you observed deviations from HWE, why might our class data show departures
from HWE expectations? If you did not observe deviations, what does that mean about
our population? Be specific. 5pts.
Section 2 Part 1: Polygenes for height (coin data)
5. Record your coin flipping data in the table below. 4pts
H1 alleles from father
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
H1 alleles from mother
Total doses of H1
6. Compile your “dosage” and phenotype data in the table below. 4pts
Genotype*
# H1 allele
“doses”
Height (in)
Count (Fig. 4)
Frequency
(Fig. 4)
Count
(Coin)
Frequency
(Coin)
Standardized
Count
H2H2
H2H2
H2H2
H2H2
H 1H2
H 2H2
H 2H2
H 2H2
H1H1
H2H2
H2H2
H2H2
H1H1
H1H2
H2H2
H2H2
H1H1
H1H1
H2H2
H2H2
H1H1
H1H1
H1H2
H2H2
H1H1
H1H1
H1H1
H2H2
H1H1
H1H1
H1H1
H1H2
H1H1
H1H1
H1H1
H1H1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
60-61
8
62-63
12
64-65
20
66-67
26
68-69
18
70-71
18
72-73
20
74-75
5
76-77
4
0.06
0.09
0.15
0.20
0.14
0.14
0.15
0.04
0.03
7. Compare the frequency distribution obtained from the coin flip data to the data
pictured in the Figure 4 photo. Do your simulated coin data match the student data
from the photo? Explain your findings in the space below. 7pts
Note: You cannot compare the frequencies with a chi square test. You must use
standardized count data for each dosage category.
(Obs.-Exp.)2
Exp.
Dosage Obs. Exp.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Totals
2 =
Section 2 Part 2: Polygenes for ridge count (fingerprint data)
8. Enter your fingerprint data in the table. For “Pattern”, enter Arch, Loop or Whorl.
4pts
Thumb
Right Hand
Third
Second
Fourth
Fifth
Pattern
Ridge Count
Ridge Count
Total
Thumb
Left Hand
Third
Second
Fourth
Fifth
Pattern
Ridge Count
Ridge Count
Total
9. Enter the class data in the tables below. 4pts
Pattern
Loop
Class Data
Prior Data
250
68.9%
Whorl
90
26.1%
Arch
20
5.0%
Total
360
100%
Note: These data are
for number of fingers
with each pattern, so
36 students X 10
fingers = 360 total obs.
Num. allele
“doses”
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Num. Ridges
2040
4060
6080
80100
100120
120140
140160
160180
180200
200220
220240
240260
260280
Count Prior
Class
0
2
3
1
5
6
5
8
4
0
1
1
0
Frequency
0.00
0.06
0.08
0.03
0.14
0.17
0.14
0.22
0.11
0.00
0.03
0.03
0.00
Class Count
Class Freq.
Standardized
Count
10. Compare the class fingerprint pattern data to the prior class. Do our data match the
previous student data? Explain your findings and draw conclusions in the space
below. 5pts
(Obs.-Exp.)2
Exp.
Dosage Obs. Exp.
Loop
Whorl
Arch
Totals
2 =
11. Based on the conclusion you reached for the height data, compare the class ridge
count data to the prior class data and predict the outcome of a chi square test (no
need to conduct the test, just explain qualitatively whether the differences appear
large enough to reject the null). 4pts
12. Consider the total ridge count category to which you belong. What is the minimum
number of doses you could have inherited from your mother and what is the
maximum number of doses you could have inherited from your father? Explain. 2pts
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